In this article, we will have a brief look at some most common excretory system disorders.

Excretory system disorders

Here is a list of disorders that can hamper the functionality of an excretory system.

Uremia

The condition that results in a higher accumulation of urea in the body is known as uremia. Patients suffering from this condition have to undergo a urea removal process known as hemodialysis.

The process of hemodialysis involves the drainage of blood from an artery and sending that blood to a dialyzing unit. A porous membrane in this unit filters the blood, eliminating urea from it. The blood is then supplied back to the body.

Renal failure

Renal failure is the condition that results in a reduced function of the glomerular filtration in humans. Acute renal failure results in damage to both kidneys, causing them to stop functioning. The most notable symptom of acute renal failure is a reduction in urine production.

There is no ultimate treatment for this condition, except for a kidney transplant. The process of transplantation relies heavily on the availability of donors. Doctors usually prefer a kidney from a close relative or family member to avoid any complications in the future, because there is always a change of the body rejecting the new kidney.

Renal calculi or kidney stones

Many people suffer from this condition. It is generally very painful due to the presence of sharp-edged stones or formations in the kidneys, ureters, bladder, or urethra. These formations usually consist of insoluble salts on the inner lining of the kidney. These calculi can vary in shape and size.

Nephritis

Nephritis or Bright’s disease refers to the inflammation of the kidney. This condition can result in the glomeruli of a kidney to become filled with blood. With many glomeruli becoming non-functional this way, a patient may have to rely on an artificial kidney.

Hypertension due to Renin Secretion

This condition develops due to hypersecretion of renin, which results in the formation of angiotensin. This formation can lead to hypertension.

Renal Tabular Acidosis

This condition results in the inability of a person to expel an optimum quantity of hydrogen ions. This condition then results in the loss of a large quantity of sodium bicarbonate ions.

Diabetes insipidus

The deficiency of the Antidiuretic hormone in the body can result in diabetes Insipidus. This condition results in the reabsorption of water by distal parts of the nephron, leading to reduced production of urine. On the other hand, a deficiency in ADH secretion might result in the production of more dilute urine and intense thirst due to heavy fluid loss.

Oedema

The accumulation of excess fluid in the tissues can result in a condition, called oedema.